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1.                  Strategic plans are only made by top managers.

2.                  Decision making the process of selecting one alternative from among a number of alternatives available

3.                  Trial and error decisions is a play-safe method before committing to anything. 4. The long term outcome must be considered in making quick decisions

5.      Expert power is closely related to a climate of trust.

6.      Reward works for excellent performance through opportunities.

7.      Coercive power may lead to temporary compliance by subordinates

8.      Fredrick Herzberg researched to determine the effect of attitude on motivation

9.      Job enlargement refers to the basic changes in content and responsibilities of jobs as to satisfy higher motivational needs.

10.  Job enrichment includes not only an increased variety of tasks, but also provides an employee with more responsibility and authority

11.  Productivity is low during the forming stage of team development.

12.  Monetary rewards include increase in pay, profit sharing, bonuses, staff discounts, company shares, etc.

13.  Jeffrey inspires leaders to seek power through evidence-based management

14.  Bruner’s first stage is enactive.

15.  Experimental decisions involves certainty and assurance of the initial results before a final decision is made

16.  The plans that directly support the implementation of strategic plans are called tactical  plans.

17.  Cognitive biases the individual’s thinking patterns based on his/ her observations and conclusions that may sometimes lead to false assumptions, wrong judgments, and faulty reasoning.

18.  Planning process of setting goals and courses of action, developing rules and procedures, and forecasting future outcomes.

19.  Goal: A specific result to be achieved; the end result of a plan.

20.  There are three levels of plans.

21.  In the processing phase, we determine alternatives & evaluate for best option.

22.  Group decisions are also known as consensus.

23.  When a bank robber points a gun at a bank employee, his base of power is coercive.

24.  Manager chooses inappropriate goals to pursue, but make good use of resources to achieve these goals high efficiency and high effectiveness.

25.  Job enlargement increases the variety of tasks a job includes

26.  There are three types of organizational control.

1. Feed-forward 2. Concurrent 3. Feedback

27.  Managers need to measure progress, offer feedback and direct their teams to succeed.

28.  Regulatory process that directs the activities of an organization to achieve anticipated goals and standards. Management control.

29.  Input Standards measure work efforts that go into a performance task.

30.  Storming characterized by competition and strained relationships among team members. 31. Motivation is the drives within a person that account for the degree, direction and persistence of the effort spent at work

32.  Budgeting is more of a bargaining game to acquire additional funding and less of a planning tool.

33.  The group formed by an organization to accomplish narrow range of purposes within a specified time are formal groups.

34.  The manager's primary tool for determining whether instructions have been understood and accepted is: feedback.

35.  Of the following, which is a purpose not served by communication in organizations’? Coordination of actions Sharing of information Satisfaction of social needs d. All of the above are purposes served by communication.

36.  there are two ways of Comparing Results with Objectives and Standards.

Historical / relative and Benchmarking

Jeffery inspires leaders to seek power through evidence-based management.

37.  Informal Groups Voluntarily or spontaneously formed by its members rather than by the organization.

38.  The main component of the communication model includeall of the following except premack principle.

39.  Financial Budget includes cash budget, financial statement, projections other than P&L account 

40.  Operational Budget provides all the info necessary to prepare a budgeted P&L account

41.  Performance Reports provide tools for monitoring and measuring success of the budget 

42.  budgeting is an important part of planning

43.  Forming is the first stage of the team development

44.  Storming is the second stage of the team development

45.  Norming is the third stage of the team development

46.  Performing is the fourth stage of the team development 47. Transforming is the last stage of the team development 48. Effectiveness can be viewed in three ways.

49.  Dysfunctional Conflict acts as a barrier to the performance of the group and frustrates the objectives of the org.

50.  budget formulation has four basic steps.

51.  Conflict Awareness Model 1 can be classified in four groups

52.  False conflict Occurs when people have common interests, but antagonistic behavior.

53.  Open conflict Occurs when people who have different interests demonstrate it with antagonistic behaviors. 

54.  Latent conflict When people have different interests, but do not respond with antagonistic behavior

55.  No conflict Occurs when people have common interests and compatible behavior 56. Human Relations View Was popular from 1940’s to 1970’s. 

57.  Interpersonal conflict refers to a conflict between two individuals. 

58.  Efficiency refers to the relationship of inputs and outputs  relevant to the use of resources.

59.  Economy is defined as “minimizing the cost of resources used for an activity having regard to the appropriate quality”

60.  Finance management have broad term that defines two related activities.

61.  Daniel Katz (1965), identified three sources of conflict. 

62.  a group with a common objective and one purpose is called a team. 

63.  Functional Conflict supports the goals of a group  its presence within the organization actually improves performance.

64.  A conflict is more than a mere disagreement - it is a situation in which people perceive a threat (physical, emotional, power, status, belief system, etc.) to their wellbeing.

65.  Forcing also known as competing.

66.  Smoothing also known as accommodating. 

67.  Budget Monitoring is the continuous process by which we ensure the Action plan is achieved, in terms of expenditure and income. 

68.  Win-Win (Collaborating) Also known as problem confronting or problem solving.

 

69.  Value conflict involves incompatibility in ideologies - the preferences, principles and practices that people believe in.

70.  Power conflict when each party wishes to maintain or maximize the amount of influence that it exerts in the relationship 

71.  Psychological biases Decision makers do not always behave in an objective manner in the way they gather, evaluate, and apply information in making their choices

72.  Hierarchy and market focus on stability. 

73.  Pattern of shared values and beliefs that produce certain norms of behavior is called organizational culture.

74.  Successful organizations simultaneously take up two types of planned change

75.  John Kotter (1996) has outlined an eight-step model for effective change efforts. 

76.  John Kotter (1996) has outlined an eight-step model for effective change efforts. 77.

Organizational Leadership represents the managerial style of the organization’s senior executives 

78.  Organizational Structure defines the levels of hierarchy, the degree of rules and regulations and where decisions are made. 

79.  Factors that cause stress are called "Stressors" 

80.  Intergroup conflict When a misunderstanding arises among different teams within an org. 

,81. “A situation that arises when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about” is called conflict. 

82.  Budgetary factors are of two types, resources and goals.

Restrict Expenditure develop ability to limit how much money is spent on certain operations. Strategic plans are only made by top managers.

SECTION-II

1.   It is understanding what is needed , in terms of human and other resources, to achieve success and developing the plan to achieve it is known as _____________________________ Situation

2.   he seminal “bureaucracy” theory, a formalized and idealized view of organizations was put forword____________________________________________________________ Max weber

3.   Which option from the following is the set of research based characteristics of a school’s climate associated with improved and better student learning ?_______________________ Correlates

4.   A school is effective not because of the specific nature of what is taught but through an atmosphere which is ________________________________________________ both a and b

5.   A leader cannot lead in a way that is not_______ Followers will see right through and will not find what they need in him as a leader___________________________________________ Natural

6.   Teachers at effective schools genuinely believe that every kid has the raw materials to be a successful_____________________________________________________________ Student

7.   the stones of these monuments were found cut and moved efficiently due to effective_____ plan

8.   the principle of Employment based on technical qualifications was introduced by ___Max weber 9. Management Grid model was introduced in ______________________________________ 1964

10.        ----- is an exercise in logic applied to situations in modern management theory.

            ______________________________________________________________Management

11.        The ------------- management theory is also known as the human relations movement.

            ________________________________________________________________Behavioral

12.        Leadership directs the organization in a way that makes it more----------- and coherent.

            __________________________________________________________________cohesive  

13.        The students and staff are deeply concerned about the ---------and precisely focused on how to get to that._______________________________________________________________future  

14.        Leadership is -------- by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective.

            ___________________________________________________________________process  

15.        According to Maslow, human ---------- can be arranged in a hierarchy of importance, from the lowest to highest.  _________________________________________________________Needs

16.        To be a leader, a person must have a deep-rooted ---------to the goal that he will strive to achieve it even if nobody follows him. ___________________________________commitment  

17.        The seminal “bureaucracy” theory, a formalized and idealized view of organizations is based on -------major principles. ________________________________________________________6

18.        The effective school allocates and protects a significant amount of --------for instruction of the essential curricular areas.___________________________________________________ Time

19.        “Principles of Scientific Management” was put forward by----------- ________Fredrick Taylor

20.        There are ----- levels of management______________________________________ Three

21.        In an effective school ,the students & the staff are full of -----------for each other_____ respect

22.        In effective school, who acts as an instructional leader?______________________ Principal

23.        Knowledge, concepts and skills are expected to learn by all children are considered as:________________________________________________________________ essential

24.        A measure of how efficiently and effectively managers use available resources is organizational---------.__________________________________________________ efficiency

25.        Egyptian pyramids would not have been built without the ---------of all of the required

tasks____________________________________________________________ management

The core ideas of ------- school of management include application of science to practice of management.__________________________________________________________ classical 27. The basic components of an effective school include__________________ all of the above

28.         Collegial and collaborative staff, clean and committed environment are the basic components of ------- school._____________________________________________________ Effective

29.         When MA Weber gave The theory of social and economic organization______________1905

30.         In the effective school, staff have the ability to help all students attain that ________mastery The broader concept of leadership recognizes that leadership is always passed on from the

….in any organization.____________________________________________ followership

31.         Those you are leading bring their own unique gifts to the situation, and are called__

_____________________________________________________________________followers  

32.         ….must feel secure in their school community_____________________________ Students

33.         Students must feel_____ in their school community so that their energies can be applied to learning._______________________________________________________________ Secure

34.         know that _____ is about today, and leadership about tomorrow____________Management

35.         _____ skills are defined as providing vision and strategy, as well as leading transformational change____________________________________________________________ Leadership

36.         Teachers at effective schools are aware of limited instruction time and create a …..with that in mind.________________________________________________________________ syllabus

37.         A …..is full of new ideas and believes in experimenting and creating new things_____ leader

38.         The researcher Ron Edmonds, Wilbur Brookover  refuted the notion that …..had no impact on learning_______________________________________________________________ schools

39.         The leader has to be practical and ____, yet must Talk the language of the visionary________________________________________________________________Realist

40.         people, their skills, know-how and experience, machinery, raw materials, computers and IT, parents, financial capital are known as ____________________________________ Resources

41.         True leaders must become strategic” rather than ________________________“operational

42.         The ability to analyse and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect._______________________________________________________ Conceptual Skills

43.         Manager chooses the right goals to pursue, but does a poor job of using resources to achieve these goals_____________________________________    Low efficiency/high efficiency

44.         Which type of school successfully achieves the targets set by the stakeholders by showing high grades and good results in exams?_________________________________ Good school

45.         deciding upon business goals and the methods to achieve them.______________ Planning

46.         He has to be the one who can appropriately set the tempo______________________ leader

47.         Articulation and ____ of specific principles of management are the core ideas of the classical school of management________________________________________________ Application

48.         Change Leaders. These are the individuals who thrive on ….and actively seek to make future___________________________________________________________________ chaos

49.         loyal customers and employees from an integral part of____________________ Resources

50.         best way to organized all jobs in a business is a rule of …….. management_____

51.         Legitimate authority is the characteristic of ------ school of management._______

10.         Leaders make followers and the managers look for ------_________________ subordinates 51.        According to Kotter for the success of organizations both are necessary:________

___________________________________________________________Leadership and management

52.        According to Fayol, there are ------ principles of management.________________________ 14

53.        Correlates are concepts with which we can analyze that complex social organization of a school in order to cause the school as a whole to-------------------___________________ improve

54.        These roles evolved into --------- principles of management.__________________________14

55.        A structure unit of people who work together and coordinate their actions to achieve a collective goal is called ------.________________________________________Organization

56.        Welcoming school communities insist on relationships that sponsor mutual -----among students._______________________________________________________________ respect

57.        Extensive work has been done in the _________________________________last century

58.        The best way for jobs to be done is ………… management_______________ Authoritative

59.        Those organizations will survive and flourish which have ______________Change leaders

60.        Levels of management are the convenient platforms created to ……the activities of the enterprise._____________________________________________________________ manage

61.        A measure of the appropriateness of the goals an organization is pursuing and the degree to which they are achieved”.is called ____________________________________ Effectiveness

62.        A requirement for leadership is personal_____________________________________ vision

63.        In the effective school, student academic progress is measured frequently using a variety of

….procedures______________________________________________________ assessment

64.        He works in an autocratic, consultative or democratic way____________________ manager

65.        During 1980’s and into early 1990’s , a major restructuring of work took place due to

……advancement, competition and outsourcing._________________________ technological

66.        Staff accept responsibility for students learning of the school’s essential ____________goals

67.        A measure of how well or how productively resources are  used to achieve a goal”._____

____________________________________________________________________Efficiency

68.        It is expected that all children will learn at least the essentially needed__ ALL of the above  

69.        The leader is an ______ and the manager is an administrator__________________ Creator

70.        leadership is different from management it was stated by ______________________ Kotter

71.        ….designed a project scheduling model for increasing the efficiency of project execution and completion.____________________________________________________ Frederick Taylor 72. The _____ creates a “community of shared values”.___________________________ Leader 73. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership knowledge and skills This is called

______ leadership_______________________________________________________Process

74.        The function that coordinates the efforts of people to accomplish goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively is called _____________________ Management

75.        Which from the following option is used to improve both individual student performance and instruction is an effective school____________________________________________ Results

76.        bureaucratic School of Management was developed by ___________________ Max weber

77.        a ……is the one who will ask for the reasons as his job is to keep his vision on the company’s goal and objectives______________________________________________________ manger

SECTION-III

1.      Strategic plans are only made by top managers.

2.      Decision making the process of selecting one alternative from  among a number of alternatives available

3.      Trial and error decisions is a play-safe method before committing to anything.

4.      The long term outcome must be considered in making quick decisions

5.      Expert power is closely related to a climate of trust. 

6.      Reward works for excellent performance through opportunities.

7.      Coercive power may lead to temporary compliance by subordinates

8.      Fredrick Herzberg researched to determine the effect of attitude on motivation

9.      Job enlargement refers to the basic changes in content and responsibilities of jobs as to satisfy higher motivational needs. 

10. Job enrichment includes not only an increased variety of tasks, but also provides an employee with more responsibility and authority

11. Productivity is low during the forming stage of team development. 

12. Monetary rewards include increase in pay, profit sharing, bonuses, staff discounts, company shares, etc.

13. Jeffrey inspires leaders to seek power through evidence-based management

14. Bruner’s first stage is enactive.

15. Experimental decisions involves certainty and assurance of the initial results before a final decision is made

16. The plans that directly support the implementation of strategic plans are called tactical plans. 

17. Cognitive biases the individual’s thinking patterns based on his/ her observations and conclusions that may sometimes lead to false assumptions, wrong judgments, and faulty reasoning.

18. Planning process of setting goals and courses of action, developing rules and procedures, and forecasting future outcomes.

19. Goal: A specific result to be achieved; the end result of a plan.

20. There are three levels of plans.

21. In the processing phase, we determine alternatives & evaluate for best option.

22. Group decisions are also known as consensus. 

23. When a bank robber points a gun at a bank employee, his base of power is coercive.

24. Manager chooses inappropriate goals to pursue, but make good use of resources to achieve these goals high efficiency and high effectiveness.

25. Job enlargement increases the variety of tasks a job includes 

26. There are three types of organizational control. 

27. Managers need to measure progress, offer feedback and direct their teams to succeed.

28. Regulatory process that directs the activities of an organization to achieve anticipated goals and standards. Management control.

29. Input Standards measure work efforts that go into a performance task.

30. Storming characterized by competition and strained relationships among team members.

31. Motivation is the drives within a person that account for the degree, direction and persistence of the effort spent at work

32. Budgeting is more of a bargaining game to acquire additional funding and less of a planning tool

33. The group formed by an organization to accomplish narrow range of purposes within a specified time are formal groups. 

34. The manager's primary tool for determining whether instructions have been understood and accepted is: feedback. 

35. Of the following, which is a purpose not served by communication in organisations?

a.       Coordination of actions

b.      Sharing of information

c.       Satisfaction of social needs

d.      All of the above are purposes served by communication

36. Mr. Aslam’s one-day salary was deducted because of his uninformed leave, as he was already warned about this behavior. It is an example of which method of shaping behaviors? Punishment 

37. Informal groups are voluntarily or spontaneously formed by its members rather than by the organization.

38. In decision making the alternatives are compared to each other against a set for selecting the most probable and beneficial option.

39. Members brainstorm and share ideas, talk over the matters, make and then implement the agreed decision in Consensus or group types of decision type of decisions.

40. This is the matrix Structure organizational structure.

41. As a science, decision-making requires knowledge of method, and rule or principle concerning the issue or problem.

42. To see event as inevitable once it occurs is hindsight bias.

43. The process of selecting one alternative from among a number of alternatives available is called decision making.

Authority is centralized in a single person in the structure simple.